Jp Morgan&Co./ Chase Manhattan Bank Merger

JP Morgan&Co. / tag Manhattan bank building Merger 1. excogitation The combining of deuce or more companies, generally by crack the stockholders of one company securities in the acquiring company in supervene upon for the surrender of their stock. (referenca 1) Mergers argon a common practice in the assembly line world because they enable increased efficiency and market sh are. 2. History 2. 1. JP Morgan&Co. J. P. Morgan & Co. , was founded in impertinent York in 1871 as Drexel, Morgan & Co. by J. Pierpont Morgan and Philadelphia imprecateer Anthony Drexel.The firm made its first offly big splash in 1879 when it sold financier William Vanderbilts New York Central Railroad stock without driving down the share price. (referenca 4) During the latterly 19th century and early 20th century J. P. Morgan & Co. financed a dress circle of engineering and innovative projects. Some examples funded by it are the Brooklyn Bridge and the waterman Canal construction. Besides these proje cts it was also present at the birth of aviation, providing banking run to the pioneering Wright br new(prenominal)s from the early years through their invention of the worlds first successful airplane. referenca 4)During the years of World War I r, J. P. Morgan & Co. aided the British and French, arranging a $500 million loan r, J. P. Morgan & Co. aided the British and French, arranging a $500 million loan. In 1959 Morgan merged with guarantee Trust Co. (commercial and investment banking) to create Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. of New York, afterwards forming a holding company that restored the famous J. P. Morgan & Co. parent. (referenca 4) 2. 2. result Manhattan Bank imitate Manhattan Bank was formed in the year 1955 with the fusion of succeed field of study Bank and the Bank of the Manhattan Company. referenca 2) In the 1970s, drop behind added nearly 40 invigorated branches, representative offices, affiliates, subsidiaries and joint ventures outside the United States. In 1973 Chase exposed a representative office in Moscow, which was the first presence for a U. S. bank in the Soviet Union since the 1920s. It also became the first U. S. similar to the Bank of China since Chinese Revolution . (referenca 4) During the 1970s and 1980s the Chase Manhattan Bank was led by David Rockefeller, and it emerged as one of the largest and most reputable banking concerns.It had leadership positions in syndicated lending, treasury and securities go, credit cards, mortgages, and retail fiscal services. (referenca3) The Chase Money Card was the first Visa debit card offered by a bank in New York. In 1985 Spectrum was launched, which is an electronic fellowship banking service that not only permitted banking transactions but also allowed customers to spoil and sell stocks through a discount broker affiliated with Chase. (referenca 4) Chase Manhattan Bank is the product of two megadeals that came earlier, its mergers with Manufacturers Hanover and Chemical. In 1 991, Manufacturers Hanover Corp. erged with Chemical Banking Corp. , under the lift of Chemical Banking Corp. , then the second-largest banking institution in the United States. (referenca5) Then in 1996 Thomas G. Labrecque merged the Chase Manhattan Bank with the Chemical Banking Corp. (referenca2) This merger created the largest bank holding company in the United States at that time, and it was prior to the merger with JP Morgan&Co. 3. JP&Morgan Chase & Co. On December 31 of year 2000 the two banks J. P. Morgan &Co. and Chase Manhattan Bank united to create the name of J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. keeping two of the most established names in U.S. banking. This merger created a financial services powerhouse and became a strong rival of firms such are Merrill Lynch, Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley Dean Witter. (refernca 6) Before the merger the CEO of the Chase Manhattan Bank was William Harrison, and of the J. P. Morgan & Co. was Douglas Warner. afterwards the creation of the have company, J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. the Chief Executive and president was appoint William Harrison while Douglas Warner was retained as a chairman. (referenca 7) The merger was approved by the Federal Reserve Board on December 11 and by the New York Banking Board on December 14, 2000. referenca 8) In 1999, the two banks combined had net income of approximately $7. 5 billion and revenue of approximately $31 billion. With the settlement of the deal, valued $36 billion, it acquired $660 billion of additions. (referenca 6) Under the deal J. P. Morgan stockholders reliable 3. 7 shares of Chase. The newly created company is a financial holding company, a global financial services firm and a banking institution in the United States of America. It operates worldwide, in more than 60 countries to provide corporate banking solutions to clients. referenca 3) It is sedulous in different kinds of activities such are in investment banking, financial services for consumers and small line of wor kes, commercial banking, financial transaction processing, asset focus and private equity. (referenca 9) After the merger of the year 2000 came more mergers and acquisitions of the Company with other institutions that would shape it to its final form. Below are listed some of the most classical ones * In 2004, Bank One Corp. merged with J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. , keeping the name JPMorgan Chase & Co. by uniting the investment and commercial banking skills of J. P.Morgan Chase with the consumer banking strengths of Bank One. (referenca 5) * In 2008, J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. acquired The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. , strengthening its capabilities across a free range of occupationes, including prime brokerage, cash clearing and energy trading globally. (referenca 4) * In 2008, J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. paid $1. 9 billion to the F. D. I. C. to acquire all of WaMus assets, branches and deposits. With WaMu, J. P. Morgan had $905 billion in deposits and 5,400 branches nationwide, rival ing Bank of America in size and reach. (referenca 9) The major(ip) businesses of the J. P.Morgan are * Investment Banking- The firm serves 8,000 clients in more than 60 countries. Clients includecorporations,financial institutions, governments andinstitutional investors. (referenca 10) It offers a full range of investment banking products and services in all major capital markets. * Card Services- The company has 94 million cards in circulation and $135 billion in managed loans. (referenca 10) They are distributed and designed to satisfy the needs individual consumers, small businesses and partner companies. * retail Financial Services-It is formed to help consumers and businesses with their financial needs.This sector includesconsumer banking, small business banking, auto, education, insurance and home finance. * Commercial Banking-Serves its clients with activities like lending, treasury services, investment banking and asset management. (referenca 5) * Treasury & Securities Serv ices- Is one of the largest cash management providers in the world to admit the CFOs, treasurers, issuers andinvestors. (referenca 10) * Asset Management- A global leader in managing investments and wealth for its clients. References 1. http//www. investopedia. com/ wrong/m/merger. aspaxzz2IEmsQoNR 2. http//www. ndb. com/company/684/000052528/ 3. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/JPMorgan_ChaseControversies 4. http//www. jpmorganchase. com/corporate/About-JPMC/document/shorthistory. pdf 5. http//www. jpmorganchase. com/corporate/About-JPMC/jpmorgan-history. htm 6. http//www. forbes. com/2000/10/18/1016topdeals_2. html 7. http//cnnfn. cnn. com/2000/09/13/deals/chase_morgan/ 8. http//www. innercitypress. org/jpmcmb1. html 9. http//topics. nytimes. com/top/news/business/companies/morgan_j_p_chase_and_company/index. html? offset=10&s=newest 10. http//www. marketswiki. com/mwiki/JPMorgan_Chase_%26_Co.

Poem ‘About His Person’ Essay

How does Armitage make the poem About his Person curiously paltry to you. The poem About his Person is a poem or so a military personnel who commits suicide. We are not given exactly how or why straightforwardly exactly we are given the items he had on him when he did it. Its finished the items we get to understand why he did it. Armitage makes this poem base through doing that and also using other techniques. adept way in which Armitage makes the poem moving is by letting the ref piece together the story behind his possessions. This can be shown when it says No gold or silver but crowning one inning. This suggests he was recently divorced due to his ring on his fingers breadth not being there and because of that reason he could have killed himself. some other way in which Armitage makes the poem moving is by letting the items tattle for themselves. This can be shown when it says Five pound fifty in metamorphose exactly, a library card on its bodyguard of expiry.These lecture say exactly what they mean. He has only 5.50 to his name and an out of date library card. He has barely enough money to live on, to subvert the daily essentials standardised food and water but not as yet enough to pay rent for an accommodation. This is why it is particularly moving as it shows us the conditions he was living in. Armitage also makes the poem moving by using random objects to make what happened seem unplanned. For example it says But beheaded in his fist, a shopping list. This makes the poem moving as it shows that he had only recently decided to kill himself that day as he had a shopping list in his hands which around likely would have been the shopping he might of done that actually day he killed himself. By including this he makes the poem moving as it makes us think what tragic event must have happened to him in that very same day for him to kill himself. The use of a compact reflective sentence at the end of the poem also helps to return to makin g this poem moving.For instance it says in the poem That was everything. This helps to make it moving as this ill-judged sentence indicates that his life is now over, just like that. It makes us whole step sorry for him as it just happened quickly and that everything he had, had basically disappeared. This is why is makes it moving. Armitage also uses 2 line stanzas which are short and cracking to make the poem moving. This can be shown when it says A nett demand, in his own hand. This is moving because the sentences are short and sharp so that it sticks in the readers mind about what is happening, and creates food for their thoughts. They have to figure out what is happening in each stanza.It also has a peachy detail of sorrow in each stanza about why he did it, which also helps to make the poem moving. Another way Armitage makes the poem moving is by using rhymes and half rhymes. This is apparent in the poem when it says A postcard stamped, unwritten but franked. This makes t he poem moving because he authoritative a postcard that he had received from person but blank. Which shows that someone had not made up their mind about what to say to him but he could of recognised the writing on the address and knew who it was from like a calling card, which could of drove him to his suicide. By including this it makes the poem moving, as it makes us feel sad. Overall this poem is very moving as it is explaining why this man killed himself, through the items he had on him. This was done by many ways, through rhymes and the way it was written, and is very moving.

Criminology Theories-Differential Association and Strain Theory

In criminology, theories play an important role in particular in on a broken iner floorstanding the settings, motivations, assets, demeanours and actions of woefuls. These theories serve as their guidelines in clubhouse to get a line and whatsoevertimes read the plans of their enemies. Unfortunately, these theories be not unrivalled hundred per centum accurate, however, learning these aspects argon hush up essential. derived function standoff and judge Theories argon around commonly used in the field of criminology. These theories aim to rationalize the totality and the instinctive or social development of criminal ideation in a individual.The theories mentioned be extremely necessary for political science to understand and to be familiar with. Criminal Theories first derivative Association speculation vs. Strain supposition Theories in criminology fly the coop to be unclear and lacking in justifiable broadness. The lack of clarity can sometimes end up in app arent inconsistencies, although more(prenominal) attention to the structure of a scientific conjecture and its requirements tycoon reveal more agreement among theorists than now recognized. In fact, rarely do available theories offer focus that does not require bold leaps of conjecture.Practicality is not a requirement of a valid guess since theories might be void but quieten of use. However, condition for a speculation to be considered certifiable is none some other than practicality. Criminology is the scientific study of offense hence, theories need to get down adequate basis in order to fold true and be considered useful. Another denotation of the term Criminology is the study of truth making, law breaking and the chemical reaction to law breaking. This definition of criminology is also a useful way to categorize the theories.Theories of law breaking are the most common and essential in the field of Criminology. The questions that usually come prohibited is why do people excite abuse? or What makes countries more prone to crime than other? These theories serve as the guide of cause and a protocol to assist the implementation of law and reading of crimes (Vito, Maahs & Holmes, 2007 p. 14). The seek paper aims to describe specific theories and analyze its over-all concept as fountainhead as comparisons. The main theories highlighted in this paper are distinguishableial Association hypothesis and Strain opening.These theories are explained and scrutinized in order to pick up miscellaneous points of essentials and utilize it in order to come up with a critical analysis of the said theories. The following are questions that are considered objectives of this research work. a. What are the theories of Differential Association guess and Strain Theory? Discuss the concepts implant in each(prenominal) theory and obtain the important data present. b. What are the comparisons and assortediations of the following theories? What are the im portant points to be noted in each theory?The research study does not deal with any under topics except for these theories. By the end of the paper, a conclusion regarding the over-all study is present. Differential Association Theory The Differential Theory has been brought by Edwin Sutherland, and this has been considered as one of the best constitutions in the field of criminology. The evolution of criminology and formation of this theory have started because of this mans desire to have a new trouble in the field of criminology. He has rejected the biological determinism and the extreme laissez faire of psychiatry, as well as economic explanations of crime.The need for capital or resources is never a motivating factor for a somebody to commit a crime. Due to this curious out-searching, he has arrived in the theory of Differential Association Theory. Another term for this theory is the Social Learning Theory, wherein psycho-cognitive and analytic observations are implemented. D ifferent association proposes that criminal associations and normative bout vary across community types hence, this variation is linked in the rule for varying crime rates (Hoffman 2003). The concept of this theory states that criminality is in condition(p) just as all other forms of carriage are learned.It implies that Different Association Theories are those associated in various factors such as ever-changing community, the individual itself, the environment and family upbringing. These are the things that influence the soulfulnesss wayal concept, and if not guided properly, criminal acts whitethorn be produced. Sutherland (1947) proposed that crime and delinquency are learned in small-group contexts through the acquisition of a prevalence of messages defining law-violating behavior as acceptable or appropriate. (Dennis & Neff, 2007)Moreover, this theory emphasizes on the genetic origins of criminal behavior, thus implying biological initiatives in crime control. In contra st to both classical and biological theories, Differential Association Theory poses no obvious threats to the humane treatment of those identified as criminals (Hoffman 2003). The conditions of this theory also suggests that the more frequent, intense, salient, and enduring a spring chickens exposure to prodelinquency definitions, the more plausibly they will be to adopt these definitions and to use them to rationalize or prune engaging in delinquent behavior.Delinquency stems from a positive identification with law-violating behavior learned in interaction within primary groups, which is an exact reversion of attempt-induced prejudicious perceptions (Dennis & Neff, 2007). Testing Theory Validity According to the journal of wagon train Gundy and Rebellon (2006), first derivative association theory can be used in tracing out the behavior of crime acts in an individual. A tally has been conducted in teenagers who are into use of Marijuana. Specifically, among respondents who describeed apply other unlawful drugs in 1980, only 2.8% simultaneously reported that they had abstained from the use of marihuana in the alike year.The researchers gathered these individuals and they obtain an interview as well as drug sample from this group of people. The focus is too asses the origins of criminal behavior guided by the conditions of marijuana usage. According to the respondents who have been reported use drugs other than marijuana, the presence of moral attachments, commitments or involvements are either fragile, low or absent.It has been noted that these individuals have higher association with substance-using peers than do those who report abstaining from such drugs. These results suggest that variables derived from existing delinquency theory are candid of explaining about fifty percent of the relationship between prior marijuana use and other illicit drug use. In terms of differential association, the results obtained from the cardinal controlled grou ps lies differently. The presence of reinforcement agents (peers, drug-using community, etc) and damaging sheaths are also cosmos examined if these factors can directly affect the said behavior.It has been noted that the individuals who have been using other drugs aside from marijuana have intense negative feelings towards family, difficulties and other soulfulnessal areas of their lives. On the other hand, the other group also manifests negative feelings however, the difference is the degree and coping towards these causalitys. In the end of their experiment, the criminal behavior that develops in a person is not brought by economical involve or the problems itself but with the environment present around the client. Strain Theory Strain theory is another proposed subject in this argument.The theory of Strain suggests that a key motivational factor in delinquency and misbehave is labor, which is some perceived or actual state of discomfort. The stemma of pursue refinement s within diverse opportunity structures may lead to adaptations such as crime, delinquency, and other deviant behavior (Hoffman 2003). One example in this pedagogy shows when a teenager desires for money, since the things that money can buynice clothes, CDs, movies, and so onand the lack of money causes inability to obtain such wants. This event now produces strain in the part of the teenager.This strain in round leads to undertakes to cut off the problem through theft (a direct attempt to resolve pecuniary insolvency) or alcohol and drug use (an indirect attempt to deal with the shame of insolvency). Either way, the theory of strain works by the induction of psychological strain itself (Apel et. Al 2003). Another definition provided by Dennis and Neff (2007) supports the claims of Apel (2003). General strain theory (GST) suggests that delinquency results from a youths emotional response to negative relationships with others.The negative relationships embody situations in whic h a youth fails to obtain a valued goal, loses something of value, or is presented with some type of noxious or aversive stimuli. Thus, a juvenile who is failing in school, or who loses clear up with a parent payable to abandonment or death, or who experiences some type of victimization can be said to be experiencing strain. The emotion of anger or frustration resulting from the experience of strain, rather than the strain itself, leads the youth to engage in law-violating behavior.The main point in this statement is the point of strain is not directly the valued point of origin in the case of Stain theory. The reason behind is the power of a person to control or manipulate the situation is still present however, if in case the person breaks down because of this strain experience, that is the time wherein a person manifests valiant and law-breaking actions. Moreover, different types of delinquency or crime results from different forms of adaptation to anomie-induced strain. Prope rty crimes, such as theft, represented innovative adaptations.Using alcohol and other drugs, on the other hand, could be thought of as a retreatist mode of adaptation i. e. , behavior that not only symbolically rejects the commit means to achieve a positive goal, but also rejects the goal itself (Dennis & Joan, 2007). Strain comes from various origins depending on the case situation of an individual. Not all(prenominal) case of a person entitles him in a single strain response but rather, multi-evident causations. Using alcohol and drugs, for example, can be considered forms of self-medication, which may provide a sense of relief.Often than not, financially or resource cast down societies are more likely to be populated by push individuals. In this case, these communities suffer from more blocked opportunity structures. Hence these communities tend to create an atmosphere conducive to anger and frustration, key antecedents to delinquent behavior. much(prenominal) kind of commun ity breeds crime, as according to the theory, and acts of wrongdoing. Differential Association Theory vs. Strain Theory Differential theory by definition state above originates from the intrinsic characteristic of a person, influenced by the individuals environment and molding assists.The criminal behavior is primarily because of influence of those individuals who are also linked in the same act of criminal acts. A person learns to commit crimes little by little until a person commits it without any hesitation. The psychosocial environment greatly suggests such conditioners as the primary causation of crimes. The raise of crime rates are because of the instilled negative thoughts, inappropriate guidance and lack of attachments, commitments or relationships. On the other hand, Strain theory dialog about the causation of crimes not directly because of strain but due to failure in tolerating these kinds of stimuli.They are both result of negative impregnation of environmental pressu res that in the end leads the client vulnerable to breakdown. The theory suggests that a person performs acts of delinquency not because of attachments or relationships but rather because of the pressuring strain. The crime rates, according to this theory, justify the increased criminal persona in places wherein financial depression or extreme difficulties are present. The last resort of the individuals is zip but to commit crimes.In an example given, a person is ready to erase just to get the material possession that the person wants to acquire. We can feel some connections between the two since both of them are etiological conceptualizations of criminal behavior. In the case wherein, a depressed community is surrounding a person, significantly full of drug addicts and negative and influencers, a person still strives to obtain moral life. Let us say that this person has a good job as well as good family relationships. The strain in his job is greatly pressuring his everyday livi ng.Fortunately, the person can still withstand such condition. However, because of the influence brought by the environment, such as the persons peers, he begins declining his work productivity. Given a situation wherein his brothers are hospitalized and he just got fired from work, he badly needs money. In this case, the person breaks down and resort to theft. The situation calls forth occurrence of the two theories in simultaneous condition. The surrounding environment of the client influences the breeding of negative emotions, which cause the person to have fragile stand in his principles.The strain theory becomes evident when the strain of loosing a job and need for money enters in. In the end of the discussion, the person commits the crime based on authoritative factors as well as straining. Conclusion In conclusion, of this paper, the answer to the proposed questions in the introduction is properly addressed in the body of the research paper. The implication of such theory i n criminology is the substantial or even projectd estimate analysis of the persons criminal behavior origin.In such cases, the authorities require to learn such principles because this can help understand the motives, intentions and plans of the wholly crime actions as well as the criminal itself. However, we should not be limited in these two theories alone since, human beings vary the same as their intentions and modes of focus. These theories are not applicable in other cases, therefore the best thing to do is to understand the whole concept of theory and at the same time train the assessment skills in order to avoid theoretical falsehood.

Lim Goh Tong Essay

Successful business are ofter managed by what type of leaders? Successful business are ofter managed by leaders who know how to tantalise their human resources (HR) to fuck off better products and service compared to their competitors. b) How can a heighten of mindset can be the pre-requisite step for systema skeletaleing and existing entrepreneurs to get in the business?A change of mindset can be the pre-requisite step for building and existing entrepreneurs to stay in the business because it having a positive mindset and to step up efforts to deal with constant changes and challenges in a highly competities market place. c) What are the key factors to be considered in the coiffe? The key factors to be considered in the exercise are entrepreneur must be smart and resilient in mobilizing all its resources, including HR to move towards common goals and to deal with challenges that affect the business.It requires the creation the creation of a more robust and knowledge business c ulture with good deal that profoundly understand the business environment. d) What are the key factors to be considered in the exercise? The key factors to be considered in the exercise are considering knowledge as a factor that can make a distint difference and identifying emerging key and new method of conducting business and making it more warring. e) What the factors to fulfill entrepreneurial success to sharpen a companys competitive adge?The factors to achieve entrepreneurial success to sharpen a companys competitive adge depends on the ability to attract, retain and develop competent people continuously. f) Why is having leadership ability is authoritative? Having leadership ability is important because it stand in good stead for the entrepreneur to help worker in problem-solving as well as to provide guidance on the right work ethics and maximize the employee performance. g) How to be a in(predicate) entrepreneur? To be a successful entrepreneur , one should save the ability to plan, arrange and control the business in every aspect. .establish on your understanding, give one example of successful entrepreneur in Malaysia. That constributes a lot in Malaysia economy. Give the strength of his (her) product/service. Lim Goh Tong is simple story of a rag-to-riches story. He migrated from China mainland in his youth. And as percentage would have it, the two later became friends when he was on his way to build Genting. From the day he was born until his death, Lim Goh Tong did not speak English, he plainly communicated in Chinese and Malay language.But his language barrier did not prevent him from negotiating one of the largest contracts around. Financial. His strength could be seen from his early age entangled in petty trade. He always keeps some of his gross for in store(predicate) used and increases his capital. 2. Intellectual . Lim Goh Tong always did a survey and made a feasibility study whether to project to be taken really produce profit or loss. He will not close the deals unless currency back guaranteed. 3. Location .Choice of location is gave him ahead of others. Genting Resort was build to encourage local people to enjoy breezy environment ascend Kuala Lumpur. 4. variegation on Product Offered. Genting Group has diversified from its initial hotel and doctor activities to plantations, properties, paper manufacturing, power generation, oil and gas, electronic commerce and information engineering science development under Genting Group. 5. Government Rule and Regulation. Genting was extremely advantage aft(prenominal) government announced in October 2002 to restrict development of highlands.It will bring forth no competition for Genting Group on their resort business. 6. Product Diversification . Lim Goh Tong knows to play his card. He is not dependent on his Casino business. He has Conglomerate Company dealing in Star Cruise, Property Development, Education, Construction, embrocate and Gas, Investment, Pl antation, Independent Power Industry and Hospitality. He has well diversified revenue and will not worry on economic trend if break open in certain industry. 6. Favorable access to distribution net works.Lim Goh Tong affinity with all the Prime Minister of Malaysia make his job easy. He reliable a pioneer status from Tun Abdul Razak on his Genting business. In 1976 the status was panoptic another year by Tun Hussin Onn through Tan Sri Mohd Noah who is in-law to Razak and Hussin Onn. 7. securities industry Trend. Lim Goh Tong always follow the trend from his early involvement in twist industry. After WW2 he bought all unused heavy machinery and reconditioned it before it was change to tin miner and rubber Estate Company for their rehabilitation work.

Chaucer’s “The Miller’s Tale” as a Parody of Courtly Love Essay

A adult female is a creature to be interact like an angel of God. She is beautiful, honorable, and chaste. The sanctity of a woman is not save worth fighting for, it is worth dying for. Her glove on casing mail is a harmonious battle cry, a motivation both formidable and divine. Always painfully proper and never honorablely compromised, she is the build of righteousness. I shall love her from afar, as she bequeath love me back. Never will our love come to tangible fruition it is more holy than that. Her, as well as my, marriage is beneath our love, our love of admiration and complete devotion. She will swoon for me as I shall fight for her, and our spirits ar forever intertwined. Physical love and lusty temptation atomic number 18 likewise worldly for us.These would be the thoughts of any proper knight toward his lady. The Millers Tale is a satire of urbane love and its actuality in time contemporary the setting of The Canterbury Tales. The characters Alison, Absalon, a nd Nicholas are exacerbated examples of the degradation of baronial love that happened in medieval times, a direct result of mans disceptation to indulge in earthly pleasure.Alison does shame to the notion of courtly love. She personifies deceit, infidelity, and moral perversion. Toward the reject of what must be her courtly love, as she was married to begin with ever encountering him, she extends promise of physical engagement so far as to the point of sex. She deceives her husband so that she can philander with John, who she should be the object of her worship, not her lust. She is the complete opposite of the morally upright woman she should, and her courtly love for John is little more than indulgence in sin. Also, in her dealings with her other pursuer Absalon, she looked upon him as her private ape.As a lady she should suck in been proper and at least civil in her dealings with him, yet she treated him like a puppet. She had no feel for for his emotion or his well being. When Absalon asked for a kiss from her, instead of endure that he treat her as a lady and love her from afar, she had him kiss her rear. A lady should never act in such a manner. Her actions are so perverse that by her traits unity would think her one and the same as the miller telling this story.Absalon, unrequited lover of Alison, is not free of sin himself. He too doesshame to the idea of courtly love. Rather than love her in a holy, worshipping manner, he chases her pruriently, if she had been a blow and he a cat, shed start out been pounced upon. If he had been pure and morally strong, he would make up loved her like a knight, chastely, without any physical desire.Nicholas, like Absalon, loves his lady hotly rather than worshipfully. If Nicholas had been a true man, he would have loved her as an angel, his lady on high. Her beauty should have been his strength, but it was his passion. He carried on an affair with the wife of his landlord, the woman who should have been h is object of Christian affection. Instead of wearing a piece of her apparel as a reminder to do right, he stroked her loins a bit and kissed her sweetly.Chaucers intention for creating such morally deranged characters is to expatiate the degree to which courtly love had become just a equivalent word for physical lust. The reason for this tale is to show that extramarital affairs are only an engagement in immorality, especially if the affair be low the guise of holy love. As men, Absalon and Nicholas should have loved Alison with the love of highest admiration, and she should have loved them the same way. Rather than love each other in the right fashion, they succumbed to physical temptation, and thus were morally devoid characters. A woman is an angel, not an object of lust.

Questions on Computer Basics and Software

No. of Printed Pages 4 BACHELOR IN reckoner APPLICATIONS (BCA Revised) Term-End Examination cV 00 June, 2012 BCS-011 BCS-011 COMPUTER BASICS AND P C packet Time 3 hours Maximum Marks 100 Weightage 75% situation Question number 1 is compulsory and carries 40 marks. Attempt whatsoever three questions from the rest. (a) Convert the following hexadecimal number to equivalent binary star and decimal (i) (ii) (b) (51)16 (DA)16 5 4 1. How is the access fourth dimension on a disk is defined ? formulate each of the element of access time with the help of an example. let off the basic structure of a computer dust ? With the help of a diagram .A personal computer has a component called motherboard. How is motherboard related to the basic computer structure ? (c) 6 BCS-011 1 P. T. O. come five facilities that are provided by an operating system to a user or to a program. Draw a flow chart to attach integer between 2 to (n+1) where n2. Explain the terms Subroutine and govern ment agency with the help of an example. Consider two IP addresses 160. 10. 11. 25 160. 10. 12. 35 Do they belong to the same network , if (i) The subnet mask is 255. 255. 0. 0 (ii) The subnet mask is 255. 255. 255. 0 Justify your answer. (h) What is a Wide Area Network ( sick(p)) ? What are the characteristics of WAN ?How are they different from LANs ? Is Internet a WAN ? Justify your answer. What is the get of memory hierarchy in a computer system ? Explain with the help of various trade offs like cost, speed, size etc. What is perverted software program ? List various types of perverse software. Give four slipway to counter perverse software. What are cookies in the context of Browser software ? Are cookies bad ? Explain. List four precautions for safe browsing. BCS-011 2 7 6 8 6 3. (a) canvas and contrast the characteristics of the following (i) (ii) (b) broadcast matrix printer versus Laser printer Cathode ray tube monitors versus legato crystal display monitors. (c) La test word processor have text 8 manipulation functions that extend beyond a basic mogul to enter and change text . Explain any four of these forward-looking text manipulation functions. 6 Explain the characteristics of the following data contagious disease channels (i) (ii) Optic fiber cables Radio waves (iii) Infrared 4. (a) List sextuplet activities that should be part of an e-learning system. Explain the phases of content ontogeny in e-learning. (b) Compare and contrast the following (i) (ii) SRAM versus DRAM SIMM versus DIMM 6 8 (iii) ROM versus stroll (iv) CD-ROM versus Pen drive. c) What is Open Source Software ? What are the main(prenominal) features of open source development model ? BCS-011 3 6 P. T. O. 5. Explain any five of the following with the help of an example/diagram, if needed. (i) (ii) The uses of WIKI in collaboration. The activities/actions performed by a search engine. 20 (iii) TCP/IP model. (iv) (v) (vi) Activities in a project management software. Batch systems and time sharing operating systems. different types of parts in a computer. (vii) Concept of Instruction and motivation for development of UNICODE. BCS-011 4

Exclusionary Rule

Contemporary Issues Paper The Exclusionary govern Jennifer Howell November 6, 2010 The Exclusionary dominate and Its Exceptions Introduction The Exclusionary Rule The one-fourth Amendment to the Constitution of the unite States protects citizens from unreasonable searches and seizures by law enforcement personnel. (US Const. amend. IV) Though the Amendment forbids unreasonable searches and seizures, it does not provide a mechanism for prevention or a remedy. (Jackson, 1996) After passage of the Fourth Amendment, courts began to constitute laws regarding the rule against unreasonable searches and seizures.The courts knowing a rule known as the Exclusionary Rule, which provided a remedy for the violation of a suspects Fourth Amendment privileges any deduction seized in violation of the suspects rights and protections may not be used against the suspect in a roughshod prosecution. The courts have been working and refining the exclusinary rule since its introduction in the 1900 s. (Exclusionary Rule, n. . ) The commencement ceremony case that applied the exclusionary rule was the case of Weeks v. United States, 232 U. S. 393, in which the coercive administration held that the Fourth Amendment barred the use of march secured by a warrantless search. (Exclusionary Rule, n. d. ) The exclusionary rule requires an black-market action by a natural law officer or agent of the police, evidence secured as a result of the il ratified action, and a casual connection mingled with the illegal action and the evidence secured. (Evaluation, n. d. ) Exceptions to the Exclusionary RuleSince the introduction of the exclusionary rule, courts have assemble that it can not be oblige across the board, and have carved out a number of exceptions. These be * The Impeachment Exception This exception allows the Government to offer illegally-seized evidence on cross-examination of the suspect to impeach the defendant after the defendant takes the stand and perjures himse lf. It should be tell that the exception applies only to the testimony of the defendant, and not to any other witnesses. * The separate Source ExceptionThis exception is a way of protecting the governments case when the evidence was found through an independent source sufficiently distinguishable to be purged of the primary taint. (Jackson, 1996) That is, the evidence was seized not only illegally, exactly in addition legally. * The Inevitable Discovery Exception The inevitable discovery exception was established to allow the admission of illegally-seized evidence that, though it was discovered unlawfully and in violation of the Fourth Amendment, would have inevitably been discovered anyway, through lawful means. The Good Faith Exception When an officer acts on a search warrant and discovers evidence, and the search warrant is later determined to be invalid, the evidence can still be used as tenacious as the officers acted in good faith that the warrant was valid at the time o f its execution. This exception was developed because the purpose of the exclusionary rule was not designed to punish the errors of judges and magistrates, but to deter police misconduct. (Exclusionary Rule, n. d. ) * The Harmless misunderstanding ExceptionThe harmless error exception allows introduction of evidence as farseeing as the evidence is determined to be harmless evidence that is, it applies to apathetic issues. The evidence and circumstances be reviewed by the court, and the evidence has to be found harmless by a reasonable doubt. (Jackson, 1996) * The Rule of Attenuation The Court established the rule of attenuation, which allows the introduction of illegally-seized evidence when the Fourth Amendment violation is sufficiently far from the discovery of the evidence as to dissipate the taint. (Jackson, 1996) The Courts have provided trio factors for Courts to apply to determine if the rule of attenuation applies (1) the length of time between the illegality and the s eizure of evidence, (2) the presence of additional intervening factors and (3) the degree and purpose of the appointed misconduct. (Jackson, 1996) Legal Implications of the Exclusionary Rule The exclusionary rule and the development of its exceptions are of vital legal importance to the people of the United States.The courts have reasoned that illegally obtained evidence can not be used in a runnel to do so would be to condone unconstitutional behavior, thereby compromise the integrity of the jury. (Jackson, 1996) The Fourth Amendment is a constraint on the power of the police officers, and gives the officers an incentive to control their power. The exclusionary rule has great legal implications in that it protects American citizens from officers and other State actors who have personal motivations that may otherwise be in conflict with Fourth Amendment compliance. (Jackson, 1996) In fact, the Supreme Court has held that the abuses that gave beginning to the exclusionary rule featured intentional conduct which was patently unconstitutional. (Herring, 2009)Political & Financial Implications on that point are political adversaries of the exclusionary rule, who argue that the rule protects criminals. However, studies show that the actual social cost of the exclusionary rule is relatively small. The cumulative loss in felony cases credited(predicate) to Fourth Amendment violations and the subsequent exclusion of evidence is between . 6% and 2. 5%. (Davies, 1983) The exclusionary rule, while seemingly necessary to deter police misconduct, has financial implications in that when evidence is suppressed, the State may be unable to prosecute the case, and not only wastes the time and be of the police department involved, but also the time and efforts of judges, court employees, and jurors. Interestingly, Mialon found in his study that the exclusionary rule instantly reduces searches by police (in that it reduces chances of a successful conviction) and it als o indirectly accessions them (via an increase in crime).The exceptions that have been carved out help deter these costs by ensuring that the only cases that are affected by the exclusionary rule are those that truly violated the Fourth Amendment rights of the defendant.Sources Davies, Thomas (1983) A Hard smell at What We Know (and Still Need to Learn) About the Costs of the Exclusionary Rule The NIJ Study and Other Studies of Lost Arrests. 1983 American Bar Foundation look Journal 611,622 Evaluation of the Exclusionary Rule. Retrieved November 4, 2010, from http//www. essortment. com/all/exclusionaryrul_rmlx. htm Exclusionary Rule (n. . ). Retrieved November 3, 2010, from http//legal-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/Exclusionary+Rule Herring v. United States. (2009) 129 S. Ct. 695 (via scholar. google. com)Jackson, Heather. (1996) Arizona v. Evans Expanding Exclusionary Rule Exceptions and Contracting Fourth Amendment Protection. The Journal of Criminal fairness & Criminology , Vol 86, No. 4. Northwestern University School of Law. Mialon, Hugo and Sue Mialon. Abstract on The personal effects of the Fourth Amendment An Economic Analysis. Retrieved November 6, 2010, from http//jleo. oxfordjournals. org/content/24/1/22. abstract